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Biography

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  • 1862 - 1890
  • 1891 - 1898
  • 1899 - 1910
  • 1911 - 1918
  • 1918 - 2012

1891 - 1898

Vienna secession years

Klimt became one of the founding members and president of the Wiener Sezession (Vienna Secession) in 1897 and of the group's periodical Ver Sacrum ("Sacred Spring"). He remained with the Secession until 1908. The group's goals were to provide exhibitions for unconventional young artists, to bring the best foreign artists' works to Vienna, and to publish its own magazine to showcase members' work. The group declared no manifesto and did not set out to encourage any particular style - Naturalists, Realists, and Symbolists all coexisted. The government supported their efforts and gave them a lease on public land to erect an exhibition hall. The group's symbol was Pallas Athena, the Greek goddess of just causes, wisdom, and the arts - and Klimt painted his radical version in 1898.

In 1894, Klimt was commissioned to create three paintings to decorate the ceiling of the Great Hall in the University of Vienna. Not completed until the turn of the century, his three paintings, Philosophy, Medicine and Jurisprudence were criticized for their radical themes and material, which was called "pornographic". Klimt had transformed traditional allegory and symbolism into a new language which was more overtly sexual, and hence more disturbing. The public outcry came from all quarters - political, aesthetic, and religious. As a result, they were not displayed on the ceiling of the Great Hall. This would be the last public commission accepted by the artist. All three paintings were destroyed by retreating SS forces in May 1945. His Nuda Verita (1899) defined his bid to further shake up the establishment. The starkly naked red-headed woman holds the mirror of truth, while above it is a quotation by Schiller in stylized lettering, "If you cannot please everyone with your deeds and your art, please a few. To please many is bad."

In 1902, Klimt finished the Beethoven Frieze for the 14th Vienna Secessionist exhibition, which was intended to be a celebration of the composer and featured a monumental, polychromed sculpture by Max Klinger. Meant for the exhibition only, the frieze was painted directly on the walls with light materials. After the exhibition the painting was preserved, although it did not go on display until 1986. The face on the Beethoven portrait resembled the composer and Vienna Court Opera director Gustav Mahler, with whom Klimt had a respectful relationship.
During this period Klimt did not confine himself to public commissions. Beginning in the late 1890s he took annual summer holidays with the Flöge family on the shores of Attersee and painted many of his landscapes there. Klimt was largely interested in painting figures; these works constitute the only genre aside from figure-painting which seriously interested Klimt. Klimt's Attersee paintings are of a number and quality so as to merit a separate appreciation. Formally, the landscapes are characterized by the same refinement of design and emphatic patterning as the figural pieces. Deep space in the Attersee works is so efficiently flattened to a single plane; it is believed that Klimt painted them while looking through a telescope.


This article uses material from the Wikipedia article Gustav Klimt http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustav_Klimt , which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License (view authors).


References
"The most important element of his fame is his reputation as a master of eroticism". Fleidel, Gottfried: "Gustav Klimt 1862-1918 The World in Female Form.", p. 14. Benedikt Taschen, 1994.
Sabarsky, Serge, et al., Gustav Klimt: Drawings, p. 18. Moyer Bell Limited, 1983. ISBN 0-918825-19-9
Fliedl, Gottfried, page 230, 1994.
Sabarsky, p. 7.
John Collins, Klimt: Modernism In The Making, Harry N. Abrams, 2001, p.99, ISBN 978-0-8109-3524-2
Frank Whitford, Klimt, Thames and Hudson, 1990. p.69.
Sabarsky, p. 9.
Jones , Jonathan (May 6, 2008). "Klimt's Dazzling demons". The Guardian. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
SheilaTGTG55 (October 13, 2011). "The Fire At Schloss Immendorf". Open Salon. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
Frank Whitford Klimt, Thames and Hudson, 1990, p.52.
http://www.artsjournal.com/slippeddisc/2011/04/looted_klimt_-_the_mahler_conn.html
In recognition of his intensity, the locals called him "Waldschrat", Forest Demon. Koja, Stephan, et al.: Gustav Klimt Landscapes, page 27. Prestel, 2002.
Anselm Wagner: "Klimt's Landscapes and the Telescope", Gustav Klimt Landscapes, pages 161-171. Prestel, 2002.
Frank Whitford Klimt, Thames and Hudson, 1990, p.103
Frank Whitford Klimt, Thames and Hudson, 1990, p.18
see timeline and life history Retrieved December 12, 2010
Gilles Neret, Gustav Klimt: 1862-1918, Taschen, 1999, p.84. ISBN 3-8228-5980-X
Alessandra Comini, Gustav Klimt, George Braziller, 2001, p.5. ISBN 0-8076-0806-8
Nina Siegal, DKS.thing.net, Retrieved February 4, 2007.
Christopher Michaud, Christie's stages record art sale, Reuter's, November 9, 2006. Retrieved November 9, 2006.
Kinsella, Eileen: "Gold Rush", Artnews, page 111. January 2007.
Kinsella, Eileen, page 112, January 2007.
http://www.artsjournal.com/slippeddisc/2011/11/someone-just-paid-40-million-for-mahlers-summer-home.html
Lamp.ac.uk
Ibiblio.org
ECFS.org
Whitford, speaking on The Kiss: The Private Life of a Masterpiece, BBC TV
Burbank, Luke Austria to return paintings to Jewish heir, National Public Radio, 17 January 2006.
"cartea romaneasca / catalog / carte". Cartearomaneasca.ro. Retrieved 2010-02-28.
Coin Update New Austrian Gold Coin Series “Klimt and His Women” 13 January 2012.


Sources
Hubertus Czernin Die Fälschung: Der Fall Bloch-Bauer und das Werk Gustav Klimts. Czernin Verlag, Vienna 2006. ISBN 3-7076-0000-9 Carl E. Schorske "Gustav Klimt: Painting and the Crisis of the Liberal Ego" in Fin-de-Siècle Vienna: Politics and Culture. Vintage Books, 1981. ISBN 0-394-74478-0 Jane Kallir, Alfred Weidinger: Gustav Klimt. In Search of the Total Artwork. Prestel, New York 2009, ISBN 978-3-7913-4232-0 Julio Vives Chillida. El Beso (Los Enamorados) de Gustav Klimt. Un Ensayo de Iconografía, Lulu.com, junio de 2008, ISBN 978-1-4092-0530-2. Gilles Neret. Gustav Klimt: 1862-1918. Taschen, 1993, 2005. ISBN 978-3-8228-5980-3 Alfred Weidinger. Klimt. Catalogue Raisonné, Prestel, New York, 2007, ISBN 978-3-7913-3764-7

1891 - 1898
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Pictures between 1891 and 1898


Emilie Flöge mit siebzehn Jahren 1891 Der Hanswurst auf der Jahrmarktbühne 1892 Frau Heymann 1892 Kopf des Apollo 1892 Bildnis Emilie Flöge 1893 Bildnis Franz Trau 1893 Bildnis Mathilde Trau 1893 Dame mit Cape, Figurenstudie für 'Zuschauerraum im Schloss Eszterházy in Totis' 1893 Zuschauerraum des Theaters im Schloß Esterhazy in Totis 1893
Bildnis der Marie Breunig 1894 Damenbildnis (Porträt Frau Heymann?) 1894 Sitzendes junges Mädchen 1894 Studienkopf einer Hannakin 1894 Brustbild eines kahlköpfigen Mannes (Studie für 'Liebe') 1895 Brustbild eines kleinen Mädchens von vorne (Studie für 'Liebe') 1895 Entwurf zu einem Theatervorhang 1895 Hofburgschauspieler Josef Lewinsky als Carlos 1895 Liebe 1895
Musik 1895 Brustbild eines lächelnden Mädchens 1896 Der Blinde 1896 Kinder mit Blumen 1896 Mädchen im Grünen 1896 Schwebende mit ausgestrecktem Arm (Studie für 'Medizin') 1896 Skizze zu 'Allegorie der Skultpur' 1896 Zwei stehende Mädchen, Blätter in den Händen haltend (Studie für 'Schubert am Klavier') 1896 Bildnis einer jungen Dame lehnenseitig 1897
Dame am Kamin 1897 Dame im Fauteuil 1897 Dame im Lehnsessel (Studie zum Bildnis Sonja Knips) 1897 Dame mit Cape 1897 Dame mit Federhut 1897 Damenbildnis 1897 Damenbildnis mit rotem Hintergrund 1897 Denkende Frau (Studie für 'Philosophie') 1897 Entwurf zur Tragödie 1897
Junge Frau im Straßenkleid 1897 Männlicher Rückenakt mit ausgebreiteten Armen (Studie und Wiederholung für 'Medizin') 1897 Medizin (Kompositionsentwurf) 1897 Medizin 1897 Porträt einer Dame 1897 Reinzeichnung eines Männerkopfes im Profil 1897 Reinzeichnung für Initiale G 1897 Rückenakt eines Mannes (Studie für 'Philosophie') 1897 Schwebende mit ausgebreiteten Armen (Studie für 'Medizin') 1897
Schwebende mit einem hängenden und einem ausgestreckten Arm (Studie für 'Medizin') 1897 Stehender männlicher Akt mit erhobenem Arm (Studie für 'Medizin') 1897 Stehender männlicher Rückenakt (Studie für 'Philosophie') 1897 Stehender weiblicher Akt (Studie für 'Medizin') 1897 Tragödie 1897 Zwei Studien eines stehenden Aktes mit ausgestrecktem Arm (Studie für 'Medizin') 1897 Bauernhaus mit Rosenstrauch 1898 Bewegtes Wasser 1898 Bildnis Anna Klimt 1897
Bildnis der Helene Klimt 1898 Bildnis Sonja Knips 1898 Bildnis Trude Steiner 1898 Damenbildnis en face 1898 Die Sphinx mit dem Wissen, Erdkugel, Liebespaar, alter verzweifelter Mann 1898 Entwurf für 'Schubert am Klavier' 1898 Fischblut 1898 Kniender Akt einer alten Frau (Studie für 'Philosophie') 1898 Mädchen mit langen Haaren 1898
Mädchenkopf en face 1898 Mädchenkopf mit langen Haaren im Halbprofil 1898 Musik II 1898 Obstgarten 1898 Pallas Athene 1898 Plakat für die erste Austellung der Secession (Theseus und Minotaurus) 1898 Stehender weiblicher Akt mit erhobenem Arm 1898 Studie für 'Schubert am Klavier' 1898 Studie zum Bildnis Serena Lederer (etwas nach links stehend, mit herabhängenden Armen) 1898
Studie zum Bildnis Serena Lederer (stehend am Sessel gelehnt) 1898 Studie zum Bildnis Serena Lederer (stehend nach links, die rechte Hand erhoben) 1898 Studie zum Bildnis Serena Lederer (stehend von vorne, beide Hände an die Taille gelegt) 1898 Studie zum Bildnis Serena Lederer (stehend wenig nach links, mit eingebeugtem rechten Arm) 1898 Thaleia und Melpomene 1898 Übertragungsskizze für das Bildnis Serena Lederer (etwas nach links stehend) 1898
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